Adaptive systems refer to systems, technologies, or algorithms that can change or adjust their behavior in response to various factors, such as user input, changes in the environment, or new data. These systems are designed to improve performance, efficiency, and effectiveness by learning from experience, making predictions, and adapting to changing conditions. Adaptive systems can be found in a wide range of fields, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, robotics, control systems, and information technology. Examples of adaptive systems include adaptive control systems, adaptive filtering algorithms, adaptive user interfaces, and adaptive learning systems. Research in adaptive systems aims to develop new techniques, methods, and algorithms for designing and implementing adaptive systems that can continuously improve their performance and adapt to a wide range of dynamic and uncertain conditions. This area of research is important for creating intelligent and autonomous systems that can operate effectively in complex and changing environments.